Joint Pain

What is it?

Joint pain (arthralgia) is among the most common reasons adults seek medical attention. It may occur with or without inflammation (arthritis). Acute joint pain often follows injury or infection. Chronic joint pain — particularly in multiple joints — suggests autoimmune or degenerative disease. The distribution of affected joints (symmetric vs. asymmetric, large vs. small), associated swelling, and stiffness patterns help distinguish conditions like osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and lupus.

Common causes

When to see a doctor

• 1A joint is hot, swollen, and very tender — possible septic arthritis (emergency)
• 2Joint pain after a tick bite, rash, or recent illness
• 3Morning stiffness lasting more than 45–60 minutes in multiple joints
• 4Joint pain accompanied by systemic symptoms: fever, rash, fatigue, weight loss
• 5Inability to bear weight or move a joint normally after injury
• 6Pain that does not improve with rest or OTC anti-inflammatories after 2 weeks

What you can do

• ✓Apply ice for acute flares (first 48–72 hours) and heat for chronic stiffness
• ✓Protect joints: use supportive footwear, knee braces, and ergonomic tools
• ✓Low-impact exercise (swimming, cycling, walking) maintains joint health
• ✓Lose weight if needed — each pound lost reduces knee joint load by ~4 lbs
• ✓Omega-3 fatty acids and an anti-inflammatory diet may help reduce chronic joint inflammation
• ✓Physical therapy can improve strength around joints and reduce pain significantly

Conditions that cause this symptom

Medications that may help

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Always consult your provider before starting any medication.

Frequently asked questions